English Grammar Exercise 7(Advance Grammar)

Each of the following sentences may contain an error in grammar, idiom or usage. If there is an error, it will appear in one of the underlined portions. Answers are given at the answer part. First try to answer by yourself, and then check it against the given answer. Answer explanation for each sentence is also given. If you go through this exercise, we can assure you that you will have a vast idea in English.

71. While my uncle and I were walking through the zoo my uncle was frightened by the roar of a lion. Answer
72. Mathematics is his favorite subject; he finds them very interesting. Answer
73. After the accident took place, neither the passengers nor the policeman were able to catch the bus driver. Answer
74. I only bought what was necessary; I was not whimsical. Answer
75. I believe that story about the tiger hunting because he himself had told us the story was true. Answer

Answers of Exercise 7(Advance Grammar)

71. The sentence is correct.
72. Here ‘mathematics’ is a subject and is singular. So it should be ‘it’ instead of ‘them’.
73. In a ‘neither-nor’ construction the verb agrees with the noun or pronoun which comes immediately before the verb. So here ‘the policeman was able’ is correct.
74. There is a wrong use of modifier in this sentence. ‘I bought only’ should be the correct answer.
75. The sentence is correct.
76. The sentence is correct.
77. Here verb ‘affect’ should be changed to noun ‘effect’ because it is the object of the clause. Never use a verb in subject or object position.
78. ‘I’ should be changed to ‘me’, because here the pronoun ‘me’ is the object of the preposition ‘among’.
79. The rule is (would like + complement + infinitive). So here it should be ‘to spend’.
80. The sentence is correct.

Confusing Words

INSIST vs PERSIST
Despite my illness, Anthony insisted on going to market.
They persisted in taking decision against the principle.
INTENSE vs INTENSIVE
Most of them felt hot due to intense heat.
Five years ago I took intensive course from Japan.
JOURNEY vs TOUR vs TRIP
We will go for a trip to Coxesbazar on Monday.
Mr Khan had a nice tour in Europe last month.
The journey was too long.
LATE vs LATELY vs LATER vs LATTER vs LATEST vs LAST
She hasn't seen him lately.
Khan and Koli both are hardworking pupils, but the latter is more active at home.
I want a car of latest fashion.
I couldn’t understand the last line of that poem.
You are always late for office.
I will do it later.

Confusing Words

HOPE vs EXPECT vs WISH
He doesn't expect to see her at the college next Monday.
I wish she will be your friend.
She hopes I will be admitted in the university.
IMAGINARY vs IMAGINATION vs IMAGINATIVE
This film was about imaginary situation.
Why do you have too much imagination?
She's got really imaginative mind.
IMMIGRATE vs EMIGRATE vs IMMIGRANT
Our family will emigrate to France tomorrow.
Thousands of people immigrate into Unites States over few years.
Many immigrants may face various problems.
INTERESTING vs INTERESTED vs INTEREST
These books seem to interest them.
I’m so much interested in reading books.
That movie was really interesting.

Confusing Words

EQUAL vs IDENTICAL vs SIMILAR
This two subjects are not equal.
This book is almost similar to my book.
We were really surprised to see that our caps were identical.
ERROR vs MISTAKE vs CRIME vs SIN vs FAULT
I call him by mistake.
This is nothing but a typing error.
Don't punish her. It isn’t her fault.
You should confess your sin to us.
She is sentenced to death because of her serious crime.
EXCITING vs EXCITED vs EXCITEMENT
We all were excited when we were watching such exciting cricket match.
After hearing her result she jumped with excitement.
EVERYDAY vs EVERY DAY
I don’t know what is he doing every day?
You seem not to be busy with everyday task.
She writes ten poems every day.
GAOL vs GOAL
He had been in a gaol for ten years.
This is my goal of my life.
HANG vs HANGED vs HUNG
The criminal will be hanged tomorrow.
I hung her picture years ago.
HARD vs HARDLY
He hardly does his homework.
I tried really hard for my improvement.
HIRE vs LET vs RENT
This flat is to let.
That couple rent a house.
I hired a lorry to carry our furniture to the new flat.

Confusing Words

DISINTERESTED vs UNINTERESTED
The judge will have to be disinterested; otherwise he won’t be able to make right decision.
She is uninterested in reading.
DIVIDE vs SHARE
Jony shared his book with Raz.
The leader divided the pupils into three groups.
ECONOMIC vs ECONOMICAL vs ECONOMICS vs ECONOMY
Mr. Khan is really an economical business man.
He is taking honors degree in economics.
The economy of our country isn’t so well.
People will have to lead a miserable life in the period of economic recession.
ELIGIBLE vs LEGIBLE
You are the only person who is eligible for this job.
Her handwriting isn’t legible.
EMINENT vs IMMINENT
Dr John is really an eminent surgeon in that city.
We have to be out of this locality as a cyclone is imminent.

Confusing Words : supposed to and suppose, than and then, their-there-they'er, to-too-two, who and whom

supposed to and suppose:
• SUPPOSED TO-correct form for "to be obligated to" or "presumed to" NOT "suppose to"
I was supposed to go there.

SUPPOSE-to guess or make a conjecture
Suppose u are a member of this family.
________________________________________
than and then:
• THAN-use with comparisons
I like you more than your brother.

THEN-at that time, or next
I went to the market, then he called me.
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there, their and they're:
• THEIR-possessive form of ’they’
Their behavior is really polite.

THERE-indicates location
There are many flowers in this garden.

THEY'RE-contraction for "they are"
They're going to have dinner.
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to, too and two:
• TO-toward
He went to the school.

TOO-also, or excessively
He talks too much.

TWO-a number
Only two people can join here.
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who and whom:
• WHO-used as a subject or as a subject complement
He is the person who can do everything for me.

WHOM-used as an object
Whom did Ali choose as his replacement?

Confusing Words : precede and proceed, principal and principle, quote and quotation, stationary and stationery

Precede and Proceed:
• PRECEDE-to come before
The exchange of angry words that preceded the scuffle.

PROCEED-to go forward
I will proceed to the degree of M.A.
________________________________________
Principal and Principle:
• PRINCIPAL-adjective, most important; noun, a person who has authority
Our principal is now on vacation.

PRINCIPLE-a general or fundamental truth
The basic principle of this topics is not so complicated.
________________________________________
Quote and Quotation:
• QUOTE-verb, to cite
She quoted a few lines from ‘Hamlet’.

QUOTATION-noun, the act of citing
This book is full of nice quotations.
________________________________________
Stationary and Stationery:
• STATIONARY-standing still
Things have remained stationary.

STATIONERY-writing paper
My father bought me stationary office.

Confusing Words : its and it's, lead and led, lose and loose, passed and past

Its and It's:
• ITS-of or belonging to it
The baby screamed as soon as its parents walk out of this room.

IT'S-contraction for it is
It's really nice weather.
________________________________________
Lead and Led:
• LEAD-noun, a type of metal
The pipe was made of lead.

LED-verb, past tense of the verb "to lead"
He led the students on that journey.
________________________________________
Lose and Loose:
• LOSE--verb, to misplace or not win
Don’t come home, if you lose the match.

LOOSE--adjective, to not be tight; verb (rarely used)--to release
Yesterday the criminal got loose from the jail.
________________________________________
Passed and Past:
• PASSED-verb, past tense of "to pass," to have moved
Hope you have passed a nice day.

PAST-belonging to a former time or place
She was the past vice president of our committee.

English Grammar Exercise 6(Advance Grammar)

Each of the following sentences may contain an error in grammar, idiom or usage. If there is an error, it will appear in one of the underlined portions. Answers are given at the answer part. First try to answer by yourself, and then check it against the given answer. Answer explanation for each sentence is also given. If you go through this exercise, we can assure you that you will have a vast idea in English.

61. That is mostly for his work on evolution Charles Darwin is remembered. Answer
62. Kader Siddiqui, who wrote a 860-page book on liberation war, was barred from entering the country until the fall of President Ershad. Answer
63. Because it was faster, Kalam insisted in my taking the bus to Chittagong instead of the train. Answer
64. No one but he knew which questions were going to be asked on this test. Answer
65. Although I am playing tennis for more than five years, I could not win any national trophy. Answer
66. After Kamal had broken his leg, the coach had wanted us to visit him in the hospital. Answer
67. These shirts are all too expensive for us to buy at this time but we think we will return later. Answer
68. If Samir would have studied Economics in college he would not have found the business terminologies so difficult to understand. Answer
69. As a result of the bad weather, Rana is the only one of my colleagues who plan to attend the conference. Answer
70. After his heart attack, he was ordered to lay in bed and rest for one month. Answer

Answers of Exercise 6(Advance Grammar)

61. Here ‘that’ should be ‘it’, because the use of ‘that’ is unidiomatic in this regard.
62. Here the indirect article ‘a’ has to be changed to ‘an’, because the word after it begins with a ‘vowel’ sound.
63. Wrong use of preposition ‘in’. Here the correct preposition after ‘insisted’ is ‘on’.
64. In this sentence ‘but’ is used as a preposition meaning ‘except’. As an object of this preposition, ‘he’ is to be changed to ‘him’.
65. Here present perfect continuous form is to be used. So ‘am playing’ is to be changed into ‘have been playing’.
66. Here ‘want’ is the action that happened later. So simple past tense (wanted) should be used to indicate it.
67. The sentence is correct.
68. ‘Would’ can never be used after ‘if’. So it should be ‘had studied’.
69. Here the antecedent of ‘who’ is ‘one’ which is singular. So it should be ‘plans’ instead of ‘plan’.
70. Here ‘lay’ is wrong. It should be ‘lie’.

Confusing Words : conscience and conscious, council and counsel, elicit and illicit, eminent-immanent-imminent

Conscience and Conscious:
• CONSCIENCE-sense of right and wrong
Conscience kept someone from copying on the exam.

CONSCIOUS-awake
She was conscious enough when the police entered the office.
________________________________________
Council and Counsel:
• COUNCIL-a group that consults or advises
Everyone on the council supported me.

COUNSEL-to advise
The teacher counseled me to read more.
________________________________________
Elicit and Illicit:
• ELICIT-to draw or bring out
The professor elicited correct answers from his student.

ILLICIT-illegal
The leader was banned for her illicit activities.
________________________________________
Eminent-Immanent-Imminent:
• EMINENT-famous, respected
The eminent cricketer won the Cricketer of the Year award.

IMMANENT-inherent or intrinsic
The significance of the story was immanent, and hard to recognize.

IMMINENT-ready to take place
A clash between my me and my sister is imminent from the second I enter here.
________________________________________

Confusing Words : breath and breathe, capital and capitol, cite-sight-site, complement and compliment

Breath and Breathe:
• BREATH-noun, air inhaled or exhaled
His breath was stopped.

BREATHE-verb, to inhale or exhale
If someone doesn't breathe, then he is dead.
________________________________________
Capital and Capitol:
• CAPITAL-seat of government. Also financial resources.
The capital of England is London.

Do you have enough capital to start this business?

CAPITOL-the actual building in which the legislative body meets
The announcement of governor was made in the capitol.
________________________________________
Cite, Sight and Site:
• CITE-to quote or document
He cited five quotes from the different author in his paper.

SIGHT-vision
The sight beside that lake is really charming.

SITE-position or place
My site provides everything about grammar.
________________________________________
Complement and Compliment:
• COMPLEMENT-noun, something that completes; verb, to complete
A nice wine complements a seafood entree.

COMPLIMENT-noun, praise; verb, to praise
Thanks for your nice compliment.

Confusing Words : allready and al ready, all together and altogether, apart and a part, ascent and assent

All ready and Already:
• ALL READY-prepared
Lunch was all ready when we arrived.

ALREADY-by this time
It has already been made.
________________________________________
Altogether and All together:
• ALTOGETHER-entirely
Altogether, he thought that they made everything.

ALL TOGETHER-gathered, with everything in one place
We are all together now.
________________________________________
Apart and A part:
• APART-to be separated
His old cycle fell apart before they reached school.

A PART-to be joined with
This job is a part of our main plan.
________________________________________
Ascent and Assent:
• ASCENT- climb
They made a steep ascent.

ASSENT-agreement
They are not in assent in this point.

Confusing Words : accept and except, affect and effect, a lot and alot, allusion and illusion

Accept and Except:
• ACCEPT-to receive
She accepts us well.

EXCEPT-to take or leave out
I like every books of this table except this one.
________________________________________
Affect and Effect:
• AFFECT-to influence
Lack of concentration affects the worth of your labor.

EFFECT-n., result, v., to accomplish
The effect of anger is not good.
________________________________________
A lot and Alot:
• A LOT (two words)-many.

ALOT (one word)-Not the correct form.
________________________________________
Allusion and Illusion:
• ALLUSION-an indirect reference.
The teacher made an allusion to Virginia Woolf's work.

ILLUSION-a false perception of reality.
This is nothing but an illusion.

English Grammar Exercise 5(Advance Grammar)

Each of the following sentences may contain an error in grammar, idiom or usage. If there is an error, it will appear in one of the underlined portions. Answers are given at the answer part. First try to answer by yourself, and then check it against the given answer. Answer explanation for each sentence is also given. If you go through this exercise, we can assure you that you will have a vast idea in English.

51. They said that the man jumped off of the building and smashed on to the hard ground. Answer
52. Carbon-di-oxide, together with other CFC gases, are causing many problems in our environment. Answer
53. Kalam asked me what did happen last night, but I was unable to tell him. Answer
54. Rony hardly never misses an opportunity to sing in television. Answer
55. Salam is one of the most intelligent boys of the science class. Answer
56. The president emphasized the need for justice and equality between his countrymen. Answer
57. Albert Einstein has become one of the greatest scientist that the world has ever known. Answer
58. The chairman of the company refuses to accept either of the four new proposals made by the board of directors. Answer
59. The machinery in the factory was badly in need of to be repaired. Answer
60. Each of the students in the geography department has to type their own excursion report. Answer

Answers of Exercise 5(Advance Grammar)

51. The preposition ‘of’ is not necessary after the preposition ‘off’. So ‘of’ should be omitted.
52. Here carbon-di-oxide is a singular subject. So it should be ‘is’ instead of ‘are’.
53. This is a subject question. So the rule is (question word + subject + verb). So it should be ‘what happened’.
54. ‘Hardly never’ is a double negative and, therefore, is wrong. It should be ‘hardly ever’.
55. Here it should be ‘in. the rule for this is (one of the + superlative degree + noun + ‘in’ + singular count noun).
56. When there are two entities, ‘between’ is used, and when there are more than two, ‘among’ in used. So here ‘among’ has to be used.
57. The rule is –after ‘one of the’ there must be plural noun. So here it should be ‘scientists’.
58. ‘Either’ is used only for two items, and ‘any’ is used for more than two items. So here ‘either’ should be ‘any’.
59. The rule is (in need of + noun). So it should be only ‘repair’.
60. The correct pronoun should be ‘his’. ‘Each’ is singular, so ‘each’ must be followed by a singular verb and pronoun.

English Grammar Exercise 4(Advance Grammar)

Each of the following sentences may contain an error in grammar, idiom or usage. If there is an error, it will appear in one of the underlined portions. Answers are given at the answer part. First try to answer by yourself, and then check it against the given answer. Answer explanation for each sentence is also given. If you go through this exercise, we can assure you that you will have a vast idea in English.

41. The doctor, accompanied by his wife and children, are staying in the hospital until after the seminar. Answer
42. Kamal was very late getting home last night, and unfortunately for him the dog barking woke everyone up. Answer
43. After walking for two miles, he suddenly realized that he has been walking in the wrong direction. Answer
44. The girl whom my brother married was used to be an actress in the ‘group theatre’. Answer
45. The Royal Bengal Tiger has long been a symbol of strength, power and it is very cruel. Answer
46. Because the workers had worked so deligent to construct the bridge, the contractor arranged a party. Answer
47. Hardly he had entered the classroom, when he realized that he had forgotten his homework. Answer
48. I do not understand where could he have gone so early in the morning. Answer
49. Lack of sanitation in households are a major cause of diarrhoea in different parts of our country. Answer
50. Kamal is looking forward to go to the USA after he finishes his studies at the college. Answer

Answers of Exercise 4(Advance Grammar)

40. Here ‘lend’ or ‘loan’ should be used instead of ‘borrow’.
41. Here the subject is singular because ‘accompanied by’ is a prepositional phrase and has no effect on the verb. So ‘are’ should be ‘is’.
42. Possessive form is used before a gerund. So it should be “dog’s”.
43. ‘After walking’ is past in this sentence but ‘has been walking’ is present. So it should be ‘had been walking’.
44. The correct form is : (subject + be + used to + gerund) and (subject +used to +verb in simple form). Here only ‘used to’ is to be used, because ‘be’ is the simple form of verb.
45. Here for parallel structure ‘cruel’ should be changed to noun ‘cruelty’ because ‘strength’ and ‘power’ are nouns.
46. Here the verb ‘had worked’ should be modified by an adverb. So the correct form is ‘diligently’.
47. Here it should be ‘Hardly had he’. Because if an adverbial appears at the beginning of a sentence, the rule is : (adverbial + auxiliary + subject + verb . . .).
48. This is an embedded question: the rule is (subject + verb + question word + subject + verb). So, here it should be ‘he could have’.
49. Here ‘lack of sanitation’ is a singular subject. So the verb should be ‘is’ instead of ‘are’.
50. The rule is (look forward to + verb + ing). So ‘going’ should be used.

Answers of Exercise 3(Advance Grammar)

31. ‘than’ should be ‘from’. The correct idiom is ‘different from’
32. ‘Although’ should be ‘despite’. (despite + noun phrase)
33. Should be ‘lie’. ‘lie’ means ‘to rest’ while ‘lay’ means ‘to put something on a surface’.
34. ‘watched’ should be ‘watching’ to maintain parallelism with ‘standing’ and ‘talking’.
35. ‘it was delivered’ should be ‘he delivered it’. Because a person is the subject here and this subject must appear immediately after the comma.
36. ‘ate’ should be ‘eaten’. Because for parallel structure it requires ‘dressed’ and ‘eaten’.
37. ‘us them’ should be ‘them to us’. If the direct object and the indirect object are both pronouns, the rule generally used is: (subject + verb + direct object + for/to + indirect object.)
38. Should be ‘known for’. Here the use of ‘known about’ is unidiomatic.
39. ‘Rashed’ should be ‘Rashed’s’, because it is necessary to use the possessive case before a gerund.
40. Here ‘lend’ or ‘loan’ should be used instead of ‘borrow’.

English Grammar Exercise 3(Advance Grammar)

Each of the following sentences may contain an error in grammar, idiom or usage. If there is an error, it will appear in one of the underlined portions. Answers are given at the answer part. First try to answer by yourself, and then check it against the given answer. Answer explanation for each sentence is also given. If you go through this exercise, we can assure you that you will have a vast idea in English.

31. We thought that our shirts were the same, but his is different than the one I bought. Answer
32. Although the danger that he might be injured, Kamal bravely entered the burning house in order to save the oldman. Answer
33. The doctor told Mr. Karim that because of his severe injury he should lay in bed for a few days. Answer
34. Some of the people were standing in the street watched the parade, while others were talking to each other. Answer
35. Having finished his assignment before the deadline, is was delivered to the teacher before the class. Answer
36. After he had dressed and ate breakfast, Kamal rushed off to his office for a meeting with his clients. Answer
37. After learning all the details about the project, the contractor told us them at the planning meeting. Answer
38. Nepal has been well known about its natural beauty, famous saints and tradings for over four hundred years. Answer
39. Rashed being chosen as the most outstanding student on the campus made his parents very happy. Answer
40. Rina said that she would borrow me her new dress if I wanted to use it in the party. Answer

English Grammar : With Books, Tutorials, Exercises etc. for speaking and writing English

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Afraid and Fear

Afraid

Afraid and fear

In an informal style, be afraid is more common than fear.

• Don’t be afraid. (NOT Don’t fear)
• Are you afraid of the dark?

I’m afraid = I’m sorry

I’m afraid (that) often means ‘ I’m sorry to tell you (that)’. It is used to introduce apologetic refusals and bad news.

• I’m afraid (that) I can’t help you.
• I’m afraid that there’s been an accident.

Afraid is not used before a noun

• Hamid is afraid
• Hamid is a frightened man. ( NOT … an afraid man.)

Across, Over and Through

On the other side (line) : across and over

Across and over can both be used to mean ‘on the other side of a line, river, bridge, road etc.’

• His village is just across/over the border.
• See if you can jump across/over the stream.

High things: over preferred

We prefer over to say ‘on/to the other side of something high’

• Why are you climbing over the wall? (NOT …across the wall?)

On flat areas; in water: across preferred

We usually prefer across to say ‘on/to the other side of a flat area or surface’, or to talk about movement in water.

• He walked across the field. (NOT … over the field)
• Let’s swim across the river. (NOT … over the river)

But over is sometimes used in British English if there is no idea of arriving at the other side.

• We often walk over the fields in the evening.

Across and through

The difference between across and through is like the difference between on and in. through, unlike across, is used for a movement in a three dimensional space, with things on all sides.

Compare:

• We walked across the desert. (We were on the desert.)
• I walked through the wood. (I was in the wood.)
• We drove across the field.

* We drove through several towns.

Answers of Exercise 2(Advance Grammar)

21. ‘Neither’ must be followed by singular verb and pronoun in formal written English. So ‘were’ should be ‘was’.
22. Most adverbs of manner are formed by adding –ly to adjectives. So ‘different’ should be ‘differently’ to modify the manner in which the chair is shaped.
23. ‘because’ is a prepositional phrase, so ‘as evening’ should be ‘like evening’. ‘As’ acts as a conjunction, while ‘like’ acts as a preposition.
24. Here ‘raised’ should be used instead of ‘risen’. To ‘raise’ means to move to a higher place, while to ‘rise’ means to go up.
25. Adverb is used to modify an adjective. So ‘profound’ should be changed to adverb ‘profoundly’ which modifies adjective ‘disappointing’.
26. ‘was’ should be ‘were’. In the unreal condition (contrary to fact or hypothetical), the past tense form of ‘be’ is always ‘were’.
27. The clause ‘many people believed’ establishes a point of view in the past. ‘is’ should be ‘was’ to maintain the point of view.
28. A ‘verb word’ must be used in a clause after an impersonal expression. ‘is’ should be changed to ‘ be’ after the impersonal expression ‘it is essential’.
29. ‘living’ should be ‘live’. (subject + used to + verb in simple form)
30. ‘because’ should be ‘because of’. (because of + noun)

English Grammar Exercise 2(Advance Grammar)

Each of the following sentences may contain an error in grammar, idiom or usage. If there is an error, it will appear in one of the underlined portions. Answers are given at the answer part. First try to answer by yourself, and then check it against the given answer. Answer explanation for each sentence is also given. If you go through this exercise, we can assure you that you will have a vast idea in English.

21. Neither of the two candidates who had applied for the job to the factory were eligible. Answer
22. This chair has the same design, but it is different shaped from that one. Answer
23. Because of the approaching cyclone, the wind began to blow hard and the sky became dark as evening. Answer
24. The flag is risen in the morning and taken down at night by the guards. Answer
25. To the men who worked so hard on the construction of the bridge, the news was profound disappointing. Answer
26. If the oxygen supply in the atmosphere was not replaced by plants, it would soon be exhausted. Answer
27. In ancient times, many people believed that the earth is motionless. Answer
28. It is essential that cancer is diagnosed and treated as early as possible in order to assure a successful cure. Answer
29. Kamal used to living in England, but his company had transferred him to a better position in France. Answer
30. Mr. Manik usually arrives at the office at ten o’clock, but because the traffic jam, he was one hour late. Answer

English Grammar Exercise 1(Advance Grammar)

Each of the following sentences may contain an error in grammar, idiom or usage. If there is an error, it will appear in one of the underlined portions. Answers are given at the answer part. First try to answer by yourself, and then check it against the given answer. Answer explanation for each sentence is also given. If you go through this exercise, we can assure you that you will have a vast idea in English.

1. Rina was upset last night because she had to do too many homeworks. Answer
2. After Rana had returned to his house, he was reading a book. Answer
3. Kamal is thinking to go to the seminar on child-care next month. Answer
4. It has been a long time since we have talked to Rashed, isn’t it? Answer
5. The only students who were required to attend the workshop on ‘mass communication’ were Rana, Rina, Laila, and me. Answer
6. There’s a new supermarket in Elephant Road, isn’t it? Answer
7. The teacher tired to make the classes more enjoyable to the students so they would take a greater interest in the subject. Answer
8. Two of the students from the school has been chosen to participate in the national chess competition. Answer
9. The examination will test your ability to understand spoken English, to read non technical language and writing correctly. Answer
10. If cancer is suspected, the diagnosis need to be confirmed by blood tests. Answer
11. It has been known for the last two centuries that lightning was a form of electricity. Answer
12. Proper lighting is a necessary for good eyesight even though human night vision can be temporarily impared by extreme flashes of light. Answer
13. Intense clearing of jungles over decades in Chittagong Hill Tracts has destroyed the elephant’s habitat and threatened their survival. Answer
14. Enormous energy is required for the exchange of heat and moist between the atmosphere and the earth’s surface. Answer
15. Clouds hold water that evaporates from the land or the sea; later the water in clouds return to the land as rain. Answer
16. Medical experts are now suggesting that every healthy adult should receive counselling about exercise, diet and drug using. Answer
17. When the distance to any object is known, so the configuration of that object can be determined. Answer
18. Because fireworks are danger, many countries have introduced laws to prevent their sale. Answer
19. Throughout history, the mosquito is not only a nuisance but a killer carrying some of the most dangerous diseases known. Answer
20. Never before has so many people in Bangladesh been interested in cricket. Answer

Answers of Exercise 1(Advance Grammar)

Answers with Explanations:
1. Should be ‘much home-work’ instead of ‘many home-work’. Home-work can never be plural and it is a non-count noun, so it must be preceded by ‘much’.
2. Should be ‘read’ instead of ‘was reading’. You have to use the simple past tense to indicate an action that happened later.
3. Should be ‘of going’. (think of or think about + verb + ing). Never use: (think + infinitive).
4. Should be ‘hasn’t it’ instead of ‘isn’t it’, because the auxiliary verb in the main clause is ‘has’.
5. Should be ‘I’ instead of ‘me’. You have to use subject pronouns after the verb ‘be’.
6. Should be ‘isn’t there’ instead of ‘isn’t it’, when ‘there appears in the subject position of the sentence, it is also used in the tag question.
7. Should be ‘so that’ instead of ‘so’. It is required to use ‘so that’ between a purpose clause and a result clause.
8. There must be agreement between subject and verb. ‘has’ should be replaced by have to agree with the plural subject ‘two of the students’.
9. Ideas in a series should be expressed by parallel structures. ‘writing’ should be ‘to write’ to provide parallelism with infinitives ‘to understand’ and ‘to read’.
10. Here ‘need’ should be changed to ‘needs’ because ‘diagnosis’ is a singular subject.
11. ‘was’ should be changed to ‘is’, because to express a scientific fact present tense is used.
12. A noun is needed after the article ‘a’. So ‘a necessary’ is to be changed into ‘a necessity’.
13. It is correct to use ‘its’ instead of ‘their’ because the antecedent is the ‘elephant’ which is singular.
14. ‘and’ joins equal sentence parts. So adjective ‘moist’ should be changed to noun ‘moisture’ to provide parallelism with noun ‘heat’.
15. ‘water’ is a singular subject, so verb should be singular (returns).
16. The gerund ‘using’ is unidiomatic here. It should be ‘use’.
17. The conjunction ‘so’ should be omitted from the sentence.
18. Here the adjective ‘dangerous’ is to be used to modify the noun ‘fireworks’.
19. You should use the present perfect tense ‘has been’ because the action of the verb began in the past, includes present, and is likely to continue into the future.
20. There must be agreement between subject and verb. ‘has’ should be ‘have’ to agree with the plural subject ‘so many people’.

Farther and further

Farther and further

Distance

We use both farther and further to talk about distance. There is no difference of meaning.

• England is farther/further away than Finland.

Additional

We can use further (but not farther) to mean ‘additional’, ‘extra’, ‘more advanced’.

• For further information, see the notice board. ( NOT For farther information)

Lay and lie

Lay and lie

There are three similar verbs that can be confused: lay (regular except for spelling), lie (irregular), and lie (regular).

Lay

Lay is a regular verb except for its spelling. Its forms are:

Infinitive: (to) lay

-ing form: laying

Past: laid

Past participle: laid

Lay means:

i. Place something in a certain position or on a surface.

• Lay the book on the table.
• He laid his hand on my shoulder.

ii. Cause somebody or something to be in a certain state.

• Sprinkle water to lay the dust.
• Lay somebody under an obligation.

iii. Bet money on something.

• I’ll lay you Tk. 500 that she won’t come.

iv. (of birds, insects etc.) produce eggs.

• The cuckoo lays its eggs in other bird’s nests.

Lie (irregular)

The forms of the irregular verb lie are:

Infinitive: (to) lie

-ing form: lying

Past: lay

Past participle: lain

Lie means:

Be down, be/become horizontal. It has no object.

• Don’t lie in bed all day. (NOT don’t lay in …)
• I lay down and closed my eyes. (NOT I laid down…)

Lie (regular)

The regular verb (lie) means: say things that are not true.

• You lied to me when you said you loved me.

Adjective

Adjective

In English, there are lots of adjectives. These are so much important to decorate a sentence nicely and perfectly. That’s why we publishing some important adjectives below:

Usual Order of Attributive Adjectives

1) certain determiners such as all, both and half
2) determiners including the articles a, and and the;
possessive adjectives e.g. my, his, her, our and their;
demonstrative adjectives e.g. that, these, this, and those; and
certain other determiners such as another, any, each, either,
enough, every, neither, no, some, what and which
3) cardinal numbers e.g. one, two, three; and
certain other determiners such as few, many and several
4) determiners such as fewer, fewest, least, less, more and most
5) general descriptive adjectives, often in the following order:
a) adjectives indicating size e.g. large, long, narrow
b) adjectives indicating weight e.g. heavy, light
c) participles and other adjectives e.g. clever, excited, interesting
d) adjectives indicating temperature e.g. cold, hot, warm
e) adjectives indicating humidity e.g. dry, damp, wet
f) adjectives indicating age e.g. new, six-month-old, young
g) adjectives indicating shape e.g. barrel-shaped, round, square
6) adjectives indicating color e.g. blue, grey, white
7) adjectives indicating materials e.g. cloth, leather, metal
8) proper adjectives e.g. American, Victorian
9) defining adjectives, usually indicating purpose, method of operation, location,
time or categories of people

Below are pairs of adjectives with opposite meanings, indicating size:

deep	shallow
enormous	tiny
large	small
long	short
wide	narrow
thick	thin

The following are examples of adjectives indicating weight:

heavy
light
5-kilogram
2-ton

Below are examples of adjectives which indicate temperature, humidity, age and shape.

Temperature	Humidity	Age	Shape
hot	wet	new	square
cold	dry	old	round
warm	damp	young	triangular
cool	humid	six-week-old	octagonal
	moist	two-year-old	spherical

Participles and other general descriptive adjectives which do not fall into any of the other categories usually follow adjectives indicating size and weight, and precede other types of attributive adjective. In the following examples, the adjective alert, and the participles twittering and excited are underlined.
e.g. two large, alert black cats
eleven tiny, twittering birds
many excited children

Below are examples of adjectives which indicate color:

red	black	pink
orange	white	magenta
yellow	brown	scarlet
green	beige	crimson
blue	silver	fox-red
violet	golden	olive-green
purple	turquoise	sky-blue, etc.

Below are examples of adjectives which indicate materials:

wooden	cotton	metal
paper	wool	iron
cardboard	silk	steel
plastic	satin	brass
rock	corduroy	gold
stone	velvet	silver
brick	flannel	copper
concrete	denim	lead
glass	nylon	tin
leather	polyester	aluminum

Predicate Adjectives	Attributive Adjectives
The boat is afloat.	the floating boat
The child is afraid.	the frightened child
The sky is aglow.	the glowing sky
The animal is alive.	the live animal
The boy is asleep.	the sleeping boy

Linking Verb	Linking Verb used with Predicate Adjective
to become	The wind became stronger.
to feel	The blanket feels soft, warm and comfortable.
to grow	The weather is growing cold.
to look	The sky looked grey and overcast.
to seem	His reasoning seems logical.
to smell	The soup smelled good.
to sound	The story sounds interesting.
to taste	The carrots tasted sweet.
to turn	The leaves turned scarlet.

Appearance	Condition	Feelings negative	Feelings positive	Feelings natural	Shape	Size	Sound	Speed	Taste	Time	Touch
adorable alert average beautiful blonde bloody blushing bright clean clear cloudy colorful concerned crowded curious cute dark dirty drab distinct dull elegant fancy filthy glamorous gleaming graceful grotesque homely light misty motionless muddy plain poised quaint scary shiny smoggy sparkling spotless stormy strange ugly unsightly unusual	alive brainy broken busy careful cautious clever crazy damaged dead difficult easy fake false famous forward fragile guilty helpful helpless important impossible infamous innocent inquisitive mad modern open outgoing outstanding poor powerful puzzled real rich right robust sane scary shy sleepy stupid super tame thick tired wild wrong	afraid angry annoyed anxious arrogant ashamed awful bad bewildered bored concerned condemned confused creepy cruel dangerous defeated defiant depressed disgusted disturbed doubtful eerie embarrassed envious evil fierce foolish frantic frightened grieving guilty helpless hungry hurt ill jealous lonely mad naughty nervous obnoxious outrageous panicky repulsive safe scared shy sleepy sore strange tense terrible tired troubled unusual upset uptight weary wicked worried	agreeable alert amused brave bright charming cheerful comfortable cooperative courageous delightful determined eager elated enchanting encouraging energetic enthusiastic excited exuberant faithful fantastic friendly frowning funny gentle glorious good happy healthy helpful hilarious innocent jolly kind lively lovely lucky obedient perfect proud relaxed relieved silly smiling splendid successful thoughtful victorious vivacious well witty wonderful	alright calm different fair fine OK pleasant puzzled	broad crooked curved deep even flat hilly jagged round shallow square steep straight thick thin triangular uneven	average big fat gigantic huge large little long massive medium miniature narrow petite short skinny small tall tiny wide	cooing deafening faint harsh high-pitched hissing hushed husky loud melodic moaning mute noisy purring quiet raspy screeching shrill silent soft squeaky squealing thundering voiceless whispering	fast quick rapid slow swift	bitter bland delicious different fresh greasy hot juicy repulsive revolting ripe rotten salty sour spicy stale strong sweet tasteless tasty terrible wonderful	ancient brief. early late long modern new old old-fashioned quick short young	blunt boiling breakable breezy broken bumpy chilly clean cold cool crooked cuddly curly damaged damp different dirty dry dusty filthy flaky fluffy fuzzy greasy grubby hard icy loose plastic prickly ripe rough rubbery scratchy shaky shaggy sharp silky slimy slippery smooth soft solid steady sticky tight uneven unusual unripe warm weak wet wooden wooly

Shape	Size	Sound	Speed	Taste	Time
broad crooked curved deep even flat hilly jagged round shallow square steep straight thick thin triangular uneven	average big fat gigantic huge large little long massive medium miniature narrow petite short skinny small tall tiny wide	cooing deafening faint harsh high-pitched hissing hushed husky loud melodic moaning mute noisy purring quiet raspy screeching shrill silent soft squeaky squealing thundering voiceless whispering	fast quick rapid slow swift	bitter bland delicious different fresh greasy hot juicy repulsive revolting ripe rotten salty sour spicy stale strong sweet tasteless tasty terrible wonderful	ancient brief. early late long modern new old old-fashioned quick short young